Selama bertahun-tahun, Kementerian Perhubungan—khususnya Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut—menggunakan diksi “kepelautan” sebagai dasar konseptual sekaligus yuridis untuk mengatur seluruh aspek yang berkaitan dengan profesi pelaut. Diksi ini lazim kita jumpai dalam regulasi seperti Peraturan Pemerintah, Peraturan Menteri, hingga Surat Edaran, yang berbunyi:
“Kepelautan adalah segala sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan dan pelatihan kepelautan, dokumen pelaut, pemeriksaan kesehatan pelaut, penyijilan, pengawakan, sertifikasi, pelindungan dan kesejahteraan awak kapal, serta hak dan kewajiban pelaut.”
Dari narasi ini, jelas bahwa Kementerian Perhubungan menempatkan dirinya sebagai satu-satunya otoritas yang mengatur bukan hanya aspek teknis pelayaran, tetapi juga aspek-aspek ketenagakerjaan awak kapal.
Namun, persoalannya menjadi kompleks ketika diksi tersebut dijadikan payung untuk mengatur hak-hak pelaut sebagai pekerja, padahal tidak seluruh hak normatif ketenagakerjaan dijabarkan secara jelas dalam UU Pelayaran maupun aturan turunannya. Di sisi lain, Indonesia sudah memiliki rezim hukum ketenagakerjaan nasional—yakni UU No. 13 Tahun 2003 dan turunannya, PP No. 35 Tahun 2021—yang berlaku secara umum (lex generalis) bagi seluruh pekerja, termasuk pekerja sektor maritim.
Mengapa Perlu Meninjau Ulang Pendekatan Tunggal Kementerian Perhubungan?
Pertama, UU No. 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran dan aturan turunannya memang merupakan lex spesialis untuk sektor pelayaran. Namun, lex spesialis tidak serta merta mencabut keberlakuan lex generalis. Justru dalam praktik hukum yang sehat, lex generalis berlaku secara subsidier ketika aturan khusus belum atau tidak mengatur suatu hal secara spesifik.
Sebagai contoh: UU Pelayaran dan PP No. 7 Tahun 2000 tidak mengatur secara rinci soal mekanisme PHK, kompensasi, Pesangon, atau mekanisme penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial. Padahal, hal-hal tersebut merupakan jantung dari perlindungan pekerja—termasuk pekerja laut. Maka dalam konteks ini, UU Ketenagakerjaan tetap relevan dan sah untuk diberlakukan terhadap awak kapal.
MLC 2006 dan Kewajiban Negara Menghapus Diskriminasi antara Pelaut dan Pekerja Darat
Indonesia telah meratifikasi Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 melalui UU No. 15 Tahun 2016. Salah satu prinsip fundamental dari konvensi ini menyatakan bahwa:
“Seafarers are entitled to decent work and the same level of protection as workers ashore.”
Dengan demikian, negara wajib memastikan bahwa pelaut Indonesia mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dan ketenagakerjaan yang setara dengan pekerja di sektor darat, bukan lebih rendah.
Namun yang terjadi justru sebaliknya: pelaut kerap terjebak dalam kekosongan hukum ketika hak-haknya dilanggar, karena antara Kementerian Perhubungan dan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan tidak memiliki rujukan dan mekanisme yang terpadu. Pelaut yang di-PHK sepihak, tidak dibayar upah, atau mengalami kecelakaan kerja di laut kesulitan mengakses keadilan karena tidak jelas siapa yang bertanggung jawab, dan berdasarkan aturan yang mana kasusnya harus diselesaikan.
Pentingnya Harmonisasi Regulasi dan Penguatan Lembaga Tripartit Maritim
Sudah saatnya Pemerintah Indonesia mengambil langkah konkret untuk mengakhiri dualisme sektor ketenagakerjaan pelaut ini. Harmonisasi harus dilakukan, dengan beberapa langkah strategis:
- Memperluas definisi “kepelautan” dalam peraturan perundang-undangan agar secara eksplisit mencantumkan bahwa hak-hak ketenagakerjaan pelaut tunduk juga pada UU Ketenagakerjaan dan/atau MLC 2006 jika belum diatur dalam UU Pelayaran.
- Membentuk Lembaga Tripartit Maritim yang melibatkan serikat pekerja pelaut, asosiasi pemilik kapal, dan perwakilan pemerintah dari lintas kementerian (Perhubungan, Ketenagakerjaan, ). Lembaga ini dapat menjadi forum penetapan standar upah minimum, penyusunan PKL yang adil, dan penyelesaian perselisihan industrial awak kapal.
- Merevisi PP No. 7 Tahun 2000 dan UU No. 17 Tahun 2008 (jika perlu melalui amandemen lanjutan UU No. 66 Tahun 2024) agar mengatur secara lebih progresif dan manusiawi perlindungan pelaut, termasuk soal: asuransi kerja, waktu kerja dan istirahat, hak berserikat, pelaut perempuan, jaminan sosial, dan mekanisme PHK.
Penutup: Negara Harus Hadir Tanpa Diskriminasi
Pelaut adalah bagian integral dari sistem logistik dan perdagangan dunia. Mereka adalah tulang punggung rantai pasok global. Namun ironisnya, hak-hak ketenagakerjaan pelaut Indonesia justru berada di wilayah abu-abu, terjebak antara aturan kelautan dan ketenagakerjaan yang tidak saling terintegrasi.
Sudah waktunya negara hadir secara utuh untuk memastikan bahwa diksi “kepelautan” tidak menjadi pembenaran untuk pengecualian terhadap perlindungan ketenagakerjaan yang adil dan setara bagi para pelaut. Karena pelaut, sebagaimana amanat MLC 2006, bukan hanya penjaga kapal, tapi juga warga negara dan pekerja yang memiliki hak yang tak boleh dikurangi oleh sektorisme birokrasi.
Предлагаем услуги профессиональных инженеров офицальной мастерской.
Еслли вы искали срочный ремонт кофемашин philips, можете посмотреть на сайте: срочный ремонт кофемашин philips
Наши мастера оперативно устранят неисправности вашего устройства в сервисе или с выездом на дом!
Simply desire to say your article is as surprising The clearness in your post is simply excellent and i could assume you are an expert on this subject Fine with your permission let me to grab your feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post Thanks a million and please carry on the gratifying work
Читать далее ретро казино
опубликовано здесь пинко сайт casino
I like this post, enjoyed this one regards for putting up. “To the dull mind all nature is leaden. To the illumined mind the whole world sparkles with light.” by Ralph Waldo Emerson.
Terrific work! This is the kind of info that are meant to be shared across the web. Shame on Google for now not positioning this publish upper! Come on over and seek advice from my web site . Thank you =)
Nice post. I learn something more challenging on different blogs everyday. It will always be stimulating to read content from other writers and practice a little something from their store. I’d prefer to use some with the content on my blog whether you don’t mind. Natually I’ll give you a link on your web blog. Thanks for sharing.
Hello! I’m at work surfing around your blog from my new iphone! Just wanted to say I love reading your blog and look forward to all your posts! Keep up the excellent work!
Bahasa Indonesia.
Kementerian Perhubungan memang memiliki peran penting dalam mengatur berbagai aspek pelayaran, termasuk ketenagakerjaan awak kapal. Hal ini menunjukkan komitmen mereka untuk memastikan keselamatan dan kesejahteraan para pekerja di sektor maritim. Namun, apakah regulasi yang ada sudah cukup efektif dalam menangani tantangan yang dihadapi oleh awak kapal? Bagaimana Kementerian Perhubungan dapat meningkatkan koordinasi dengan pihak-pihak terkait untuk memastikan implementasi yang lebih baik? Given the growing economic instability due to the events in the Middle East, many businesses are looking for guaranteed fast and secure payment solutions. Recently, I came across LiberSave (LS) — they promise instant bank transfers with no chargebacks or card verification. It says integration takes 5 minutes and is already being tested in Israel and the UAE. Has anyone actually checked how this works in crisis conditions?
Thanks a lot for sharing this with all of us you actually know what you’re talking about! Bookmarked. Kindly also visit my website =). We could have a link exchange contract between us!
Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your blog and in accession capital to assert that I get actually enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way I will be subscribing to your feeds and even I achievement you access consistently quickly.
I am always invstigating online for ideas that can benefit me. Thank you!
Hello there, just became aware of your blog through Google, and found that it is truly informative. I am gonna watch out for brussels. I’ll be grateful if you continue this in future. Many people will be benefited from your writing. Cheers!
I beloved as much as you will obtain carried out proper here. The cartoon is tasteful, your authored material stylish. nevertheless, you command get bought an shakiness over that you would like be delivering the following. in poor health unquestionably come more until now once more as precisely the same just about very regularly inside of case you shield this increase.
I was just looking for this info for some time. After 6 hours of continuous Googleing, at last I got it in your site. I wonder what is the lack of Google strategy that do not rank this type of informative web sites in top of the list. Generally the top sites are full of garbage.
hello!,I like your writing very much! share we communicate more about your post on AOL? I need a specialist on this area to solve my problem. May be that’s you! Looking forward to see you.
Thanks for sharing excellent informations. Your web site is very cool. I’m impressed by the details that you have on this web site. It reveals how nicely you perceive this subject. Bookmarked this website page, will come back for more articles. You, my pal, ROCK! I found simply the info I already searched everywhere and just could not come across. What an ideal site.
I couldn’t resist commenting
Hello There. I discovered your blog the use of msn. That is a very neatly written article. I will be sure to bookmark it and come back to read more of your useful information. Thank you for the post. I will certainly comeback.
You are a very capable person!
It’s not just what you say, but how you say it — your structure makes the content so easy to absorb.
A expressão provably fair pode ser traduzida para algo como comprovadamente justo, ou provadamente justo como algumas plataformas usam. Em suma, trata-se de um sistema que usa algoritmos criptográficos para garantir que o resultado de cada jogo seja gerado de forma aleatória e transparente. Home » Friolion Limited “Betfair Cadastro: Aprenda Como se Registrar e Começar a Apostar Agora!” Uma das principais características do Aviatrix é a capacidade de personalizar o jogo de acordo com suas próprias preferências. Você também pode participar de torneios onde prêmios valiosos estão esperando por você. E, o que é especialmente incrível, você pode aprimorar seu próprio avião virtual! 22 de junho de 2025 em 4:07 am Embora seja mais conhecida por seu conteúdo de cassino ao vivo, a Evolution também oferece slots graças às aquisições de estúdios como NetEnt, Red Tiger, Ezugi, Big Time Gaming, Nolimit City e DigiWheel.
https://andreeanastase.ro/review-de-jogo-do-tigrinho-fortuna-e-aventura-com-a-pg-soft/
Considerando tudo, Big Bass Bonanza explora de forma magistral sua temática de pescaria para transportar o jogador para o mundo da pesca sem que ele tenha que renunciar à diversão enorme e ininterrupta que apenas jogos de slot podem proporcionar. Que tal jogar mais um jogo assim como Big Bass Bonanza? Aqui na KTO oferecemos todos os jogos da série. Dê uma chance para Big Bass Splash! Info de jogo básica Mas o segredo deles não é só quantidade — é qualidade com punch. Os jogos são rápidos, bonitos, e cheios de recursos que parecem sair de videogame: ganhos em cascata, multiplicadores progressivos, símbolos que explodem, wilds que crescem, e aquelas funções bônus que você ativa sem saber o que fez — mas adora mesmo assim. Home » Jogos por Cointelegraph Brasil » Melhores Slots para Jogar em 2025: Guia Completo de Caça-níqueis » Big Bass Bonanza: Onde e Como Jogar o Jogo do Pescador
It’s perfect time to make some plans for the future and it is time to be happy. I have read this post and if I could I want to suggest you some interesting things or tips. Maybe you could write next articles referring to this article. I want to read more things about it!
I have not checked in here for a while because I thought it was getting boring, but the last few posts are good quality so I guess I will add you back to my daily bloglist. You deserve it my friend 🙂
Gamble By Mobile Phone Bill Variety is the spice of life, and at MrBet247, we’ve taken it to heart. Our platform collaborates with over 450 providers, ensuring a rich and diverse collection of free slots which you can play for fun. From industry giants to rising stars, each provider brings a unique flavor to the table. Whether you’re drawn to the sleek designs of modern developers or the nostalgic charm of classic providers, MrBet247 has something for everyone. The low pay symbols are the cards from 9 to ace and they pay 3.75x for 6 of a kind. The top symbols are the buffalo, horse, cougar, wolf, and eagle. Buffalo slot machine game has many bonus features but is still relatively simple. Selecting a reel cost that determines symbols counted as in-play for winning hands is essential when playing a video slot game.
https://ss-servicos.co.mz/index.php/2025/07/13/unlocking-teen-patti-gold-by-mplay-a-guide-for-qatar-players/
Your gameplay at Stake.us will see you rise through the ranks of the Stake.us VIP club where you can pick up even more GC and SC rewards, as well as personalized customer support when you reach the higher tiers. glory casino bonus its players with generous bonuses that elevate the gaming experience. Claim your welcome bonus, participate in regular promotions, and unlock exclusive offers. Boost your winning chances with Glory Casino’s incredible rewards! In this article, we’ll take a closer look at what makes missionuncrossable.biz stand out in the competitive world of online gaming, what the game is all about, how players can benefit, and why it’s earning a reputation as one of the top destinations for adventure-style online play. Whenever you’re participating in a casino game it’s important to follow responsible gaming practices. This includes setting a budget and sticking to it. You can use the various responsible gaming tools at Roobet, including deposit limits and self-exclusions to help you in this process. Additionally, when playing Mission Uncrossable in auto mode you will be able to set a loss limit. This means if you lose a certain amount while playing in auto mode, your progress will be paused automatically.
Your house is valueble for me. Thanks!…
I think you have remarked some very interesting details, regards for the post.
hello there and thank you for your info – I’ve certainly picked up something new from right here. I did however expertise a few technical issues using this site, since I experienced to reload the web site a lot of times previous to I could get it to load correctly. I had been wondering if your web host is OK? Not that I’m complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will often affect your placement in google and can damage your quality score if ads and marketing with Adwords. Anyway I am adding this RSS to my e-mail and can look out for a lot more of your respective exciting content. Ensure that you update this again soon..
I adore foregathering useful info, this post has got me even more info! .
Wow, wonderful weblog structure! How long have you been blogging for? you make running a blog look easy. The whole look of your site is magnificent, let alone the content!
I like the efforts you have put in this, thankyou for all the great blog posts.
Nettsiden til Stake er veldig stilren med gode navigasjonsmuligheter. Hele høyresiden er en navigeringsmeny hvor man kan finne hele spillbiblioteket, samt kampanjer, sponsorer, blogg og live support. Nederst på siden finner man også en meny med linker til nyttige sider. Her kan man også bytte språk og nummersystem. Stake casino har rett og slett ekstremt mye innhold, men de har likevel gjort en god jobb med å holde det oversiktlig.. Stake benytter seg av kryptovaluta som betaling, noe som gir spillere veldig raske innskudd og uttak. I tillegg så unngår man alle transaksjonsgebyr ved å bruke kryptovaluta som betalingsmetode. Stake Norge aksepterer Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Ripple, Dogecoin, Tron og Eos. Dessuten så har man også muligheten til å bruke betalingsmetoder som Paypal, hvor Bitcoin Cash vil konvertere innskuddet til Bitcoin.
https://data.trca.ca/user/looopropgunspick1974
Kun ved forhåndsavtale. En betalt booking er en forhåndsavtale til det tidspunkt angitt i bookingen. Roobet Norge – er et moderne kryptokasino som gir en uforglemmelig spillopplevelse. Spillere får tilgang til rettferdige spill med raske utbetalinger. Du kan nyte spill uten unødvendig stress og risiko. Telen.no Carbiden – det første industrieventyret The object is added to the folder. What do you want to do now? Telen.no Carbiden – det første industrieventyret Spillbiblioteket hos Stake er massivt, med et godt utvalg i de aller fleste kategorier. Man kan velge mellom spilleautomater, live casino, game shows, bordspill og eksklusive Stake spill. Her finner man også de såkalte “kryptospillene” som Mines og Crash. Samarbeidet med ledende leverandører er enda et bevis på at det er trygt å registrere seg og spille på Roobet Casino
There is evidently a bundle to know about this. I think you made some nice points in features also.