Dalam rangka meningkatkan pelindungan bagi awak kapal niaga migran, revisi terhadap Undang-Undang No. 18 Tahun 2017 tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PPMI) menjadi hal yang sangat mendesak. Salah satu aspek utama yang harus dimasukkan dalam revisi ini adalah pencantuman Undang-Undang No. 15 Tahun 2016 tentang pengesahan Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 sebagai konsideran.
Alasan Pentingnya MLC 2006 sebagai Konsideran
Keberadaan MLC 2006 dalam konsideran sangat penting karena awak kapal niaga yang bekerja di kapal asing merupakan bagian dari pekerja migran, sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam Pasal 4 UU No. 18 Tahun 2017. Selain itu, Mahkamah Konstitusi juga telah menegaskan status awak kapal niaga migran sebagai pekerja migran dalam putusannya yang menolak permohonan Asosiasi Pekerja Perikanan Indonesia (AP2I) dan kawan-kawan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa awak kapal migran berhak mendapatkan perlindungan hukum yang sama dengan pekerja migran lainnya.
Pembentukan Wadah Tripartit
Salah satu implikasi dari pencantuman MLC 2006 dalam konsideran adalah pembentukan wadah tripartit yang terdiri dari pemerintah, pengusaha, dan serikat pekerja. Wadah ini akan berperan dalam:
- Menetapkan Standar Upah Minimum
- Memberikan kejelasan mengenai standar upah minimum bagi awak kapal migran guna menghindari eksploitasi dan ketidakpastian penghasilan.
- Standar Minimum Asuransi Kematian dan Kecelakaan Kerja
- Menjamin perlindungan sosial dan asuransi yang layak bagi awak kapal niaga migran, terutama dalam hal kecelakaan kerja dan kematian saat bertugas.
- Mekanisme Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial
- Merumuskan prosedur penyelesaian perselisihan yang lebih jelas dan efektif bagi awak kapal niaga migran guna memastikan hak-hak mereka terlindungi secara adil dan cepat.
Kesimpulan
Dengan memasukkan UU No. 15 Tahun 2016 dalam konsideran dan mengadopsi norma-norma MLC 2006, revisi UU No. 18 Tahun 2017 dapat memberikan pelindungan yang lebih baik bagi awak kapal migran. Langkah ini tidak hanya memastikan kesejahteraan pekerja, tetapi juga meningkatkan kepatuhan Indonesia terhadap standar internasional dalam dunia maritim. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan komitmen dari semua pemangku kepentingan untuk mendukung revisi ini guna menciptakan kondisi kerja yang adil dan aman bagi awak kapal niaga migran.
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